Monday, March 23, 2009

我们的制度真的可以帮助她们吗?

虽然,妇女援助中心的工作,我很多时候援助的是受到家庭暴力的当事人。但是,我们中心收到的性侵犯的案子其实不少,而且很多都是未成年的孩子。而由于自己的私心,再加上面对青少年的朋友,我比较有经验(其中包括辅导的经验)。这几年大部分性侵犯的案子,都交到我手上,而其中有越75%是已经在地庭提控的案子。

经过这几年 --- 我一直反复思考的一个问题,我们可以如何更有效的协助这样的朋友,包括他们的家人;我们可以如何协助那些犯下这样的罪行的人。2009年的今天,我仍然没有答案。

我们的检控系统,从警察到医护人员,到检控官,司法制度 --- 到底可以给予这些朋友多大的帮助??

2007年开始,我从一名警察口中知道,现在如果是性侵犯的案子,一般都会由女警察处理,而且是比较高阶的女警察。如果证据齐全,能够提控,那么处理此案子的检控官是“副检控官”。只是,尽管如此,仍然不足以给予当事人及家属比较完善的协助。

1. 认人的过程
尚且不谈整个的报案的程序是多么的不友善 --- 最难以让我理解的是,即使2009年的今天,这些当事人在“认人”的过程,是必须走到侵犯他们的人的身旁,有手放在那凶神恶煞的眼神的人的肩膀上,然后说“是他”,即使该名孩子可能只有10岁,甚至更小。

2. 无目的的等待
当证据已经齐全,可以提控该名嫌疑犯了,检控官、警察很多时候并没有通知当事人或者他们的家属。他们只好一直等待,等待哪一天,法庭的警察将蓝色的纸张送到他们家,才恍然大悟“哦!要上法庭了”。有些时候,当事人连蓝色的纸张也拿不到 ---

3. 检控官的责任
有时候,我不知道马来西亚的检控官,到底想不想打赢他们的官司。因为很多时候,他们没有告诉当事人,在法庭到底会发生什么事情,他们不会提醒当事人,有什么是他们需要注意的,更不会在开庭之前和当事人讨论他们的案子。
很多时候他们会说“开庭的时候,你们来就好了,我问你们答”但是他们遗忘了,当事人有机会到证人栏的时候,可能是两年之后的事情 ----

4. 冗长的审讯
我们的法官、检控官、辩护律师都是一些“忙到要死”的人。很多时候,我们以为开审了,但是却会因为总总的愿意展延 --- 有时候,法官、检控官、律师可能生病了,有时候他们需要到高庭处理案子,一推理由。
每一次的延迟,对于当事人,对于被提控的人,都是一种凌迟、不公平。

我处理的性侵犯案子,有一些是我从一开始就处理的,因此给予当事人及家属的辅导,陪他们到警察局、医院都是我的工作范围之一。有一些,则是因为案子拖延了几年,通过认识的人的介绍,来到我们的中心寻求援助。

对于上法庭的案子,我第一件需要做的就是协助她们找一个“不收费”的旁听律师。

你们会问为什么,很简单,我不信任我们的检控官 --- 当我们有一个旁听的律师,她可以协助我们监督整个审讯的过程,而在适当的时候,甚至可以对于我们的检控官提一些有“建设性”的意见。

第二件就是不择手段的用尽各种方式,在开庭的几天前于检控官见面。

很奇怪,当我打电话告诉检控官,我是社工员,我和当事人希望和他们会面,与他们讨论,即使不为难,她们会愿意会面。但是,你们知道吗?我有一个已经等候开审4年的案子,一直问检控官是否需要见面讨论,却一直都见不成的。可是当我表明身份,他们就会愿意,而且很客气,很愿意协助。

我不懂的是,这是本来就应该做的事情,怎么到最后,我们却好像很需要感谢他们厚待我们的样子,真的是莫名透顶。

我担心的是,那些没有来找我们的朋友或者没有其他的支援的朋友,他们如何可以面对这样的审讯制度??

第三件就是坚持在开庭的前一个星期,我一定会和我的当事人见面,让她准备面对审讯,为她做心理建设。在开庭的前一天,我会告诉他们,如果他们没有办法入眠,无论多晚,我的电话都开着。

除了这些,我好像不能再为他们做其他的事情了,有些时候,真的让我很“恨”当年读商来干嘛?应该去修个法律嘛!!

这些案子的辩护律师,都是一流的辩护律师,他们的手段很多啊 -- 有些时候,我很怀疑我们的检控官是否可以招架得住。更多的时候,他们会以各种理由来拖延整个审讯,在这样的情况,我们就必须靠我们的法官,来决定是否允许这样的拖延 --- 幸运的是,我几个案子的法官,都不会允许这样的小动作 -- 可是其他呢??

记得农历新年的时候,我在报纸读到了两个上诉庭的判决 -- 都是年龄6-10岁小朋友被性侵犯的案子 。。而两个都是在地庭判了罪名,上诉到高庭,高庭维持判决,但是被上诉庭推翻的。。

其中一个,理由是。1. 当事人没有到法庭,亦没有在经文面前宣誓所言句句是真;2. 当事人没有到警察局认人 --- 尽管所有的证据证明的确发生过;尽管我们的法律有说小孩子可以免于到法庭证人栏上做供。

另一个,是检控官将几个案子一起提呈,对于罪犯不公平,如果检控官没有如此做,那么罪名就可以成立。。

很好笑,不是吗???

我们还能期望更多人愿意报案吗???

Labels: , ,

Thursday, September 18, 2008

种族关系法 == 内安法令变种??

最近,我们的政府将制定“种族关系法”,他们说这样的法令可以保障和加强国内不同的种族关系。

业华告诉我,Dr. Kua曾经提议过马来西亚政府制定种族关系法。不学无术的我,不太清楚该内容是什么,还有建议法案的精神,更不知道那是否是《咸丰年代》的事情。

可是,对于我来说,当政府在今天这样的时刻,提到这样的法令有其必要性,我就有所保留。

我们先来看一看一则相关的新闻

內政文物部 主導種族關係法
2008年9月19日

(布城18日訊)

政府將制定種族關係法令,保障和加強國內不同種族的關係。

內政部長拿督斯裡賽哈密指出,內閣同意制定種族關係法令的建議,後續工作將由內政部和文化、藝術及文物部負責主導。

他說:「這兩個部門將一起合作,我們的官員將共同討論相關的詳情。一旦該法令獲得通過後,文物部將扮演促進種族關係的角色,而內政部將負責執法,確保國家安全。」

賽哈密今日主持內政部的常月集會後,在新聞發佈會上指出,種族關係法令必須把許多重要的領域納入考慮範圍內,如族群之間的整合、教育制度,以及經濟,過程中也將聽取多方的意見和非政府組織的看法。

他說:「我們必須聽取大眾的意見回饋,最終他們都受該法令影響,因為這一項法令為大家而定。」

他表示,該部將前往已制定種族關係法令的國家取經,如英國,它們的經驗可成為參考和比較版本,以制定一套符合大馬國情的法令。

他相信,該法令將能保障各種族的和諧關係,各方應該以積極態度看待。

對付影響國家安寧者

他說:「新法令可對製造種族關係緊張和矛盾者採取行動,包括那些導致國家陷入不穩定狀態的人

針對何時可落實這項法令時,他表示,縱觀目前的局勢,越快制定就越好。

在這之前,馬青總團長兼衛生部長拿督廖中萊曾表示,將向內閣建議提出制定種族關係法令,以強化族群之間的關係。

另一方面,國大黨今日建議設立種族關係理事會,以和睦的方式討論牽涉宗教、語言、文化和種族敏感課題的課題。

該黨主席拿督斯裡三美威魯認為,該理事會的重要性是它能協助政府加強族群關係,促進團結,特別是大選後的族群關係。

他說:「人民對目前的局勢感到焦慮,因為這期間發生不負責任者挑起許多種族敏感的事情。讓我們回到鬥爭基礎,以國家利益為前提,締造全民團結。」

他今日主持國大黨中委會後向傳媒表示,一旦種族關係法令落實後,應該成立種族關係理事會

新闻来源:http://www2.orientaldaily.com.my/press.php?TASK=news&TYPE=GEN&NEWS=2heU0B820zfH824w06bS9U791pqe9Cr8

我们真的需要种族关系法令?

看看我们的内政部部长的言论“新法令可對製造種族關係緊張和矛盾者採取行動,包括那些導致國家陷入不穩定狀態的人” 我们难道不担心这样的法令会变成内安法令的“变种”法案?

到时候,政府高官、利益集团就不需要用内安法令,因为他们还有种族关系法令可以运用,而且是光明正大的运用。

当今大马专栏评论员迦玛于9月17日在当今大马发表过一篇文章种族关系法的迷思http://www.malaysiakini.com/columns/89870,我觉得有一段话非常有意思,我们可以好好的思考。

关系法只有尴尬及后遗症

今天,我们已经在同一块土地上营造了各自不同的“小世界”(当然也有些人愿浮游于这些“小世界”之间),然后我们再以一部《种族关系法》去合理化这些“小世界”吗?

你无非是不想让别人说一些你认为是“敏感”的话,却非但不能消除敏感,只能使“敏感”的部位更加敏感,让特定的人和集团更容易在种族之间,翻手为云,覆手为雨。甚至人为地炮制一部比内安法令、煽动法令、印刷出版法令等更蔑视人权及更残酷的恶法,开历史的倒车。

坦率地说,新的《种族关系法》将如何定位种族关系?是依照宪法来定位,还是超越宪法来定位?在《种族关系法》下又如何重新诠释语言、文化、习俗、宗教、公民权、教育、马来人特殊地位等等?举个简单的例子,当回教堂的晨祷把你从睡梦中唤醒,当你的鼻孔被中元节香熏瘴气刺晕的时候,怎样用种族关系法来摆平?

马来西亚人,特别是政治人物,应当勇敢面对“敏感现实”,而不是回避或上演一出治标不治本的滑稽戏。只有说出并正视不满与要求,寻求解决途径,即便当下难以解决,也不妨先设计出未来解决方案的路线图。让一切回归宪法的源头,让一切循从普世的价值,惟有真诚的意愿和路线图可以推动人们走出种族关系的迷思。

对于如今的走势,看到一些国阵成员党好像非常大力的认同此法令的必要性,有助于团结,我有很大的担心。我们有必要停止让他变成内安法令的变种法案,否则我们只会沦为国际大笑话。

其实,我比较能够接受的是Anti-Discrimination Act 反歧视法令,不过想在马来西亚通过,等我转世为人吧!

Labels: , ,

Tuesday, September 16, 2008

我失败了,因此我离开

终于,巫统的“良心”再益因为坚持自己的原则而选择了离开。

这几天,有太多的朋友在赞美他了,我就不再重复。

我只记得5月的时候,曾经因为一个活动去了国会一趟,当时候,我和我中心的ED在国会的餐厅喝茶的时候,刚好遇到了再益的其中一名女助理(记性不好,不记得她的名字了)。

我们一同喝茶,因为再益是我的ED的朋友,当年第十一条款联盟的论坛,还曾经邀请过再益。我的一些社运朋友说过,再益是我们的朋友。

我的ED问再益还好吧?那名女助理苦笑,说再益撑得很幸苦。当时再益在国会里提出了一些与巫统主流的议员不同的看法,有议员甚至呼吁革除再益的职位。再益自己亦表示,巫统有很多人希望他马上离开,但是他会坚持,他不知道能够做到什么时候,但是只要他在位一天,他会尽力。我的ED当时还对其助理说,要帮他啊,一定得坚持下去。

当天,在国会看到再益的时候,他还和我们队伍中一些认识的社运朋友谈了一下下。

仿佛才刚刚发生一样,转眼4个月过去了,而他真的离开了。

“我不是累,我只是失望”“我失败了,因此我离开”

对于一个很想为司法改革做些事情的他,说出这样的话,心情是落寞的,虽然支持他的人民很多。

对于曾经在朋友处听过很多关于再益的事情的我,对于这样的结局,是难过的。可是对于再益来说,也许是此时此刻唯一、最好的选者了。

Outgoing de facto Law Minister Zaid Ibrahim bares his thoughts to journalists during a 40-minute press conference at his office in Putarajaya today.

MCPXAmong others, he laments about the declining condition of race-relations in Malaysia and calls on politicians not to be narrow-minded or cultivate hatred among the different races.He also urges Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi to trust all races.Below are excerpts from Zaid’s question-and-answer session with the journalists:

Q & A Sessions with Zaid (from Malaysiakini http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/89857)

When you said you have failed, what exactly have you failed in?
I have failed to convince those in authority to effect changes about how this government should move forward. I failed to convince them.
I believe in the basic principle that this country respects all rights and citizens. This country is for all, there is no room for discrimination, this country is about rule of law and transparency, these are the things that we need to change.
If you don’t subscribe to these principles or just pay lip service to them, it will be difficult to translate (these) into policies. This is my feeling.

You are adamant about resigning despite the prime minister rejecting it?
I am not adamant, I am just saying that I have made up my mind. I thank the prime minister for asking me to take leave but I have my point, I think it’s best I leave (resign).

Why are you giving up on your efforts to push for reforms?
This is not giving up, this is paving the way for transformation. In a way I hope (my decision) can wake up people and result in some changes, that’s my hope, to trigger some positive changes.

You’ve been brought in to the cabinet to introduce judiciary reforms, what is going to happen to that?
All these (questions) you have to ask after December (Umno party polls,). I don’t know, you have to ask the prime minister, maybe he will re-organise the cabinet and supreme council (line-up who) will be more supportive (of reforms). It depends on so many things, I can’t answer that.

Will judiciary reforms come to a stop with your resignation?
I don’t know, you will have to ask the new prime minister (smiles), or rather the prime minister.

Are you disappointed with Prime Minister Abdullah (Ahmad Badawi)?
He is a nice man. He has other things to deal with that I may not know (of). Remember he is the party president, I am just an ordinary guy, I don’t have to worry about other things, he may have other things to worry about, you have to ask him.

Did the prime minister support your reforms?
Within the constraints he got, yes, he was supportive but he got constraints.

Do you think the internal party conflicts are hindering his ability to be an effective prime minister?
I believe so. That’s why I feel that things will be better - for the government or the Barisan Nasional - after December.

Do you think if Opposition Leader Anwar Ibrahim forms government, you will have the support to initiate reforms?
I just hope that anyone who forms the government - be it Abdullah, Najib Abdul Razak, Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah, Muhyiddin Yassin or Anwar - I don’t care who - but I just want all those (things on) my wish list to be transformed. That is of course my hope, but as I said we have to see what happens first.

What's next for you - still with Umno or join PKR? It’s a very difficult question. The reforms I talk about, I got much criticism from Umno. Sometimes I think I should have changed (to be) like them instead of me trying to change them.
I do have some problems (in Umno) but at the same time I don’t know PKR well, I don’t know the leaders, so it’s too early to say but I have an open mind and I’m not in a hurry to make any decision.

Have you been courted by the opposition?
Courted? The last time I was courted was 30 years ago (laughs). No, but I have friends all over the place who call up but these are things happening to everybody.

But there is a rumour that you are joining PKR?
No, I have not made any decision of joining anybody. I am just saying that I have to do this. I hope it will trigger some good things, it will trigger some changes on the people in power, self-reflection and I hope the prime minister will overcome his challenges without the burden I carry (on him).

Are you going back to practice?
I don’t think so. I want to start a foundation to help build closer relations among the people in this country. I think race discrimination, prejudice and race relations are very bad. When I was young, I remember I thought we had much closer interracial (ties). Today we are a divided country.

Are you staying on as a senator?
Yes, because it will be nice to talk sometimes in the Senate to give my views on public issues. I love and care for this country very much like you all, I will do what I can. I believe this country is founded on very simple principles but very strong principles - fairness to all, justice, freedom, all those good things, I will work towards that.

What is the cause of the racial divide?
We have to do something to bring back trust and take action against some people who are bent on creating this division because of their own political agendas. We must overcome this.

You have been hailed as a hero and a man of principle?
I am not a hero, this is exaggeration. If I am a hero, I would have been successful in transforming this country. I just happen to say what I feel and do what I think is right.

What is the most important thing that the prime minister should do to bring some sort of changes?
The one single thing I think, is (for him) to trust the people in this country - all races. If you can’t bring yourself to that level of trust and acceptance, you will always worry if a particular policy will benefit this group or not. You worry whether you will upset certain benefits and privileges you have.
So long as you think sectarian or (along ) racial (lines), if you have too much thinking of that, it’s hard for you to have a policy that reaches out to everyone and applies to all. That psychological barrier has to be overcome.
We have to trust that we are one people and want to build one country and we want to have laws that apply to all.

In that sense, is it time for race-based parties to go?
I said before you can have race-based parties, you can fight for your community but you still can think of the country and common principles which bind us. You don’t have to be narrow-minded or cultivate the feeling of hatred, you have to do the opposite. These changes and reforms are for the country.

What do you have to say about your cabinet colleagues who have criticised you?
To my cabinet colleagues, I think some of them are very fine gentlemen. We have differences of views but there is no hard feelings, I hope to maintain that.

Before the Internal Security Act arrests, has it ever crossed your mind to resign?Yes, it has crossed my mind a couple of times, even in the early days (of my tenure).

When is your last day?
Looks like today (laughs).

Labels: ,